Zatsumi (off-flavors)

Zatsumi (off-flavors) refers to elements in the taste of sake that cause an unpleasant impression. It generally appears when the balance of flavors is disrupted, and the term is used especially when bitterness or astringency stands out. Because zatsumi results from flavors that are not in harmony with the other components, it is regarded as an important indicator when evaluating the quality and flavor of sake. In contrast to a clean, clear taste, zatsumi is sometimes described as a "dirty taste" (kitanai aji), which suggests that the natural umami and aroma of the sake have been compromised. Too much zatsumi detracts from the drinking experience and lowers satisfaction, so appropriate control during the brewing process is required.